IPSEC VPN配置的多种方法

日期: 更新: 网络工程

使用的网络产品为H3C系列

0x00 前言

VPN一般有3种配置方法

名词介绍:

GRE(Generic Routing Encapsulation，通用路由封装):
是通用路由封装协议，可以对某些网络层协议的数据报进行封装，使这些被封装的数据报能够在IPv4网络中传输

IPsec（IP Security，IP安全）:
是IETF制定的三层隧道加密协议，它为互联网上传输的数据提供了高质量的、基于密码学的安全保证，是一种传统的实现三层VPN（Virtual Private Network，虚拟专用网络）的安全技术。IPsec通过在特定通信方之间（例如两个安全网关之间）建立“通道”，来保护通信方之间传输的用户数据，该通道通常称为IPsec隧道

IPsec SA (安全联盟):
可以手工创建或动态建立。IKE（Internet Key Exchange，互联网密钥交换）协议用来动态建立IPsec SA。
IKE并非IPsec专用，它利用ISAKMP（Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol，互联网安全联盟和密钥管理协议）语言定义密钥交换的过程，是一种对安全服务进行协商的手段。

0x01 Ipsec vpn (ike自动协商)

R1:
    ipsec transform-set H3C #定义ipsec加密方式
     esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc 
     esp authentication-algorithm sha1 
    #
    ipsec policy H3C 10 isakmp #定义ipsec 策略 isakmp自动协商
     transform-set H3C 
     security acl 3000 #指定流量用ACL抓取
     remote-address 12.12.12.2 #对端公网Ip
     ike-profile H3C
    #              
    ike profile H3C # ike提议
     keychain H3C
     local-identity address 12.12.12.1
     match remote identity address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.255
    #
    ike proposal 1 # ike提议 加密方式
     encryption-algorithm 3des-cbc
     authentication-algorithm md5
    #
    ike keychain H3C #ike钥匙链二端匹配
     pre-shared-key address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.255 key cipher $c$3$y0yAxWiAdTMK3fNb8Co7DUIxu409DY1j2Q==
    #


    acl advanced 3000
     rule 0 permit ip source 9.9.9.1 0 destination 9.9.9.2 0
    #

    int s 2/0
     ipsec apply policy H3C

R2:

ipsec transform-set H3C #定义ipsec加密方式
 esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc 
 esp authentication-algorithm sha1 
#
ipsec policy H3C 10 isakmp #定义ipsec 策略 isakmp自动协商
 transform-set H3C 
 security acl 3000 #指定流量用ACL抓取
 remote-address 12.12.12.1 #对端公网Ip
 ike-profile H3C
#              
ike profile H3C # ike提议
 keychain H3C
 local-identity address 12.12.12.2
 match remote identity address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.255
#
ike proposal 1 # ike提议 加密方式
 encryption-algorithm 3des-cbc
 authentication-algorithm md5
#
ike keychain H3C #ike钥匙链二端匹配
 pre-shared-key address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.255 key cipher $c$3$y0yAxWiAdTMK3fNb8Co7DUIxu409DY1j2Q==
#


acl advanced 3000
 rule 0 permit ip source 9.9.9.2 0 destination 9.9.9.1 0
#

int s 2/0
 ipsec apply policy H3C

0x02 gre over ipsec

需求的原因是:gre可以承载组播等非ip协议的流量 但是gre不可以加密,所以需要利用ipsec来进行对隧道的加密

用ipsec封装gre来承载组播等非IP流量
应用在物理接口
ACL抓公网2个对端的流量
从tunnel的源地址和目标地址之间的所有流量都会经过ipsec进行加密

gre over ipsec 一开始流量走tunnel但是 源和目的是公网就会被ipsec匹配到进行加密后再传输

1.定义公网二端ACL(抓取tunnel源和目的)
2.ipsec源目的地址是公网二端地址
3.接口应用在公网接口上

R1：
    ipsec transform-set H3C
     esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc 
     esp authentication-algorithm md5 
    #
    ipsec policy H3C 10 isakmp
     transform-set H3C 
     security acl 3000 
     remote-address 12.12.12.2
     ike-profile H3C
    #
    ike profile H3C
     keychain H3C
     local-identity address 12.12.12.1
     match remote identity address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.252
    #
    ike keychain H3C
     pre-shared-key address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.252 key cipher $c$3$30ReBVN2wyf5cOcToan6XoSf+yADB/fE5A==
    #


     ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.12.12.2
     ip route-static 9.9.9.2 32 Tunnel1
    #
    acl advanced 3000
     rule 0 permit ip source 12.12.12.1 0 destination 12.12.12.2 0   //抓取公网对端流量 因为tunnel的源和目的会匹配到的
    #

    interface Tunnel1 mode gre
     ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
     source 12.12.12.1
     destination 12.12.12.2

    interface GigabitEthernet0/0
     port link-mode route
     ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.252
     ipsec apply policy H3C
    #

R2:

ipsec transform-set H3C
 esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc 
 esp authentication-algorithm md5 
#
ipsec policy H3C 10 isakmp
 transform-set H3C 
 security acl 3000 
 remote-address 12.12.12.1
 ike-profile H3C
#
ike profile H3C
 keychain H3C
 local-identity address 12.12.12.2
 match remote identity address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.252
#
ike keychain H3C
 pre-shared-key address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.252 key cipher $c$3$30ReBVN2wyf5cOcToan6XoSf+yADB/fE5A==
#


 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.12.12.1
 ip route-static 9.9.9.1 32 Tunnel1
#
acl advanced 3000
 rule 0 permit ip source 12.12.12.2 0 destination 12.12.12.1 0   //抓取公网对端流量 因为tunnel的源和目的会匹配到的
#

interface Tunnel1 mode gre
 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
 source 12.12.12.2
 destination 12.12.12.1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 port link-mode route
 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.252
 ipsec apply policy H3C
#

0x03 Ipsec over gre

需要场景:当开通GRE隧道但是只需要让指定流量加密就需要用ipsec over gre部分加密

在GRE隧道中封装IPSEC 加密指定流量数据包 但是其他数据不会加密
ipsec应用在tunnel 接口
抓取要加密的内网流量
所有对端都以tunnel定义的2个地址来进行ike/ipsec协商

ipsec over gre是 gre为主通道 ipsec部分抓取流量加密
ipsec的所有源和目的地址都是tunnel的地址

1.定义兴趣流量
2.ipsec源目的地址是tunnel二端地址
3.ipsec应用在tunnel接口

R1:

    interface LoopBack0
     ip address 9.9.9.1 255.255.255.255
    #

    interface GigabitEthernet0/0
     port link-mode route
     ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.252
    #

    interface Tunnel1 mode gre
     ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
     source GigabitEthernet0/0
     destination 12.12.12.2
     ipsec apply policy H3C  //应用在tunnel接口


    ipsec transform-set H3C
     esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc 
     esp authentication-algorithm md5 
    #
    ipsec policy H3C 10 isakmp
     transform-set H3C 
     security acl 3000 
     remote-address 13.13.13.2  //tunnel对端地址
     ike-profile H3C
    #
    ike profile H3C
     keychain H3C
     local-identity address 13.13.13.1  //tunnel本地地址
     match remote identity address 13.13.13.2 255.255.255.0
    #
    ike keychain H3C
     pre-shared-key address 13.13.13.2 255.255.255.0 key cipher $c$3$w+qQmJZ1ELXbjvqueE+UqXstxQhnilx47A==
    #

    acl advanced 3000
     rule 0 permit ip source 9.9.9.1 0 destination 9.9.9.2 0
    #

R2：
    interface LoopBack0
     ip address 9.9.9.2 255.255.255.255
    #

    interface GigabitEthernet0/0
     port link-mode route
     ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.252
    #

    interface Tunnel1 mode gre
     ip address 13.13.13.2 255.255.255.0
     source GigabitEthernet0/0
     destination 12.12.12.1
     ipsec apply policy H3C  //应用在tunnel接口


    ipsec transform-set H3C
     esp encryption-algorithm des-cbc 
     esp authentication-algorithm md5 
    #
    ipsec policy H3C 10 isakmp
     transform-set H3C 
     security acl 3000 
     remote-address 13.13.13.1  //tunnel对端地址
     ike-profile H3C
    #
    ike profile H3C
     keychain H3C
     local-identity address 13.13.13.2  //tunnel本地地址
     match remote identity address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    ike keychain H3C
     pre-shared-key address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0 key cipher $c$3$w+qQmJZ1ELXbjvqueE+UqXstxQhnilx47A==
    #

    acl advanced 3000
     rule 0 permit ip source 9.9.9.2 0 destination 9.9.9.1 0
    #

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